Category: Featured Post

Introducing Roofing Sample Guidelines for Forensic Hail Damage Evaluations

Roofing Sample Guidelines for Forensic Hail Damage Evaluations

By Steve Smith, P.E.

Replacing a commercial roof can cost many thousands or even millions of dollars. That is why accurate forensic roof analysis is essential. Well installed and properly maintained roofs can last for decades; however, a significant weather event can damage the roof investment, and often result in conflicts between building owners, insurance carriers, roofing contractors, public adjusting firms, and yes, even attorneys.  While laboratory analysis of roofing samples may not prevent these conflicts, accurate information is essential. High-quality test results help roof consultants develop informed opinions and play a crucial role in settling property claims.

The importance of laboratory testing in Roofing Hail Damage Analysis

For decades, laboratory testing of roofing samples has played a key role in better understanding the cause of damage, the extent of damage, the date of damage, and even the repairability of roofs. Many roof consultants rely on external laboratories, such as Haag’s materials testing lab, to accurately test and evaluate removed roofing samples.

Did you know the often overlooked first step in laboratory roof sample analysis is the consultant’s role before the sample reaches the lab. Understanding the type of test requested equips roof consultants with the knowledge needed to:

  • Select where to take the sample(s)
  • Determine the appropriate size of the sample(s)
  • Accurately position the areas of interest (AOIs) within the sample(s)

For example, if water column testing is requested, samples should measure approximately 12-inches by 12-inches, with the AOI centered on the sample. However,  if artificial hail impact testing is to be performed, a larger sample should be taken with the AOI positioned off to one side. This provides the laboratory technicians with enough room to perform the impact testing without the risk of impacting the AOI being analyzed.

Common Lab tests for Forensic Roof Evaluations

Haag performs a variety of laboratory tests that support roofing damage evaluations. Each of these tests reveal critical insights not attainable through field inspections alone. When combined with field inspection data and weather data, they provide a complete understanding of the roofing system’s condition.

The following tests help determine if a sample was damaged by hail, the minimum hail size capable to damage the sample, when hail-caused damage may have occurred, if impacted areas (or other region) remain water-tight, and if a hail-caused condition was limited to the surface coating or if impact damage extended completely through the sample. Results can also confirm if insultation R-values have been compromised due to hail denting.

Most common lab tests for roofing samples

Haag laboratory supports forensic consultants, consultants from other firms, contractors, public adjusters, insurance professionals, building owners, attorneys, and manufacturers by providing the following frequently requested tests:

  • Simulated Hail Impact Testing
    • Based on ANSI/FM 4473 – Test Standard for Impact Resistance Testing of Rigid Roofing Materials by Impacting with Freezer Ice Balls
  • Desaturation Analysis
    • Based on ASTM D3746 – Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Bituminous Roofing Systems
  • Single-ply Roof Analysis
    • A series of inspection techniques, using tactile examination, back-lighting, and microscopy.
  • Water Column Testing
    • Based on ASTM D7281 – Standard Test Method for Determining Water Migration Resistance Through Roof Membranes
  • R-Value Testing
    • Based on ASTM C518 – Standard Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Apparatus

Roofing Sample Guidelines for forensic hail damage evaluations

Haag Research & Testing is pleased to announce the development of a new, free publication that is intended to assist roof consultants with the selection and sizing of roofing samples for laboratory analysis. A link to this publication can be found here.

Why Choose Haag for Roofing Sample Testing?

Haag Research & Testing an accredited testing laboratory through the International Accreditation Service (IAS) and is listed as Testing Laboratory 656 (TL-656) on the IAS website. Our technicians and forensic engineers are experts in forensic roof evaluations, providing reliable, scientifically supported data that stands up in both claims and litigation settings.

Whether you need laboratory testing, cause and origin expert services, or consultation for construction defect claims, Haag has the resources and expertise to support your goal.

Contact Haag to explore your roofing sample testing options online or  214-614-6500.

 

STEVE SMITH, PE

Steven R. Smith is a Forensic Engineer and Director of Research & Testing for Haag, a Salas O’Brien Company. Mr. Smith is an experienced forensic engineer who began his career with Haag in 1998. He spent seven years working as Haag’s Senior Lab Technician while earning a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering degree from The University of Texas at Arlington. He has been involved with the lab throughout his career and has been able to leverage his extensive and practical engineering field experience with research and testing projects. Mr. Smith has authored or co-authored several Haag publications, including Repairing an Existing 36-Inch Laminated Asphalt Shingle Roof with Metric-Sized Laminated Asphalt Shingles, Effects of Hail-Caused Dents on the Thermal Performance of Insulation Under Single-Ply Roofing, Testing of Impact-Resistant Asphalt Shingles, and Hail Effects on Air-Conditioner Performance. He also contributed to other publications as a laboratory technician, including Hail Damage Threshold Sizes for Common Roofing Materials, Hail Damage to Tile Roofing, and Hail Impact Resistance of Asphalt Shingle Overlays.

Mr. Smith’s areas of expertise include roofing system evaluations, components and cladding, code and standard compliance, and mechanical equipment evaluations. He is a licensed Professional Engineer in Texas, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. He is a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and Pi Tau Sigma National Honor Society. Prior to joining Haag, he trained at the Navy Nuclear Power Training Command Center in Orlando, Florida and was stationed aboard the USS Arkansas (CGN-41), where he maintained reactor and steam plant chemistry, performed radiological controls, and operated mechanical equipment in the propulsion plant.

Accurate Roofing Thickness Measurement: The Haag Panel & Membrane Gauge

ACCURATE ROOFING THICKNESS MEASUREMENT: THE HAAG PANEL & MEMBRANE GAUGE

By Amber Prom, P.E., and Steve Smith, P.E.

Whether you’re an engineer, insurance adjuster, roofing consultant, or contractor, if you commonly find yourself collecting data out in the field, you rely on a kit of tools to assist you.  From tape measures, cameras, levels, or chalk, the precision and reliability of your tools is crucial.  If your tools are unreliable, you can end up with an incorrect assessment and/or cost estimate.

What is the Haag Panel & Membrane Gauge?

The Haag Panel & Membrane Gauge (HPMG) is a unique tool that every field investigator should have at the ready when inspecting metal roofing panels or single-ply roofing.  While many inspectors measure metal roofing panel thickness using a standard sheet metal gauge, the HPMG has been carefully designed by Haag Research & Testing to accurately measure most every metal roofing panel you will encounter in the field, accounting for the thickness of any coating that may be present. In fact, as a testament to its accuracy, many insurance companies now require that metal thickness be measured with an HPMG when inspecting for possible damage. Non-HPMG or standard metal thickness gauge measurements are rejected.

Compatible roofing materials

The HPMG is compatible with:

  • Single-ply membranes (excluding modified bitumen, self-adhering, and fleece-backed)
  • Steel and aluminum metal panels.

How to Identify Aluminum vs. Steel Roofing Panel Material

Correct material identification is essential before taking measurements. For metal roofing panels, it can be difficult to determine if you are looking at aluminum or steel panels. The Haag Panel & Membrane Gauge™ includes a rare earth magnet (strong, permanent magnet made from rare earth alloys) to help determine panel type

  • Steel panels will attract the magnet
  • Aluminum panels will NOT react to the magnet
  • Some stainless steels may not react to the magnet, and are generally shinier, more reflective, heavier, and harder to scratch than aluminum. (*See “Stainless Steel and Aluminum: How to Distinguish Between Them?“1, or other online guides for ways to differentiate.) 

All steel roofing panels have either a metallic coating (galvanized or Galvalume®), or a paint coating. Measuring coated metal roofing panels with a standard sheet metal gauge gives artificially thick readings, making a determination of gauge/thickness incorrect, and resultantly the associated cost estimate more expensive than it should be.

The HPMG is fabricated in the USA using high precision manufacturing methods. Gap thicknesses are quality checked by Haag’s IAS accredited Laboratory to maintain the tool’s accuracy.

how to use the Haag Panel & Membrane Gauge

  1. Identify the type of material (See info above; use the magnet to help determine aluminum or steel).
  2. Start with the widest slot. Hold the gauge loosely in one hand at a 30-degree angle to the material, drag the slot along the edge of the panel or membrane. Note that the slightest burr (rough edge on the material after cut) will misrepresent thickness. Do not force the gauge onto the material.
  3. Stop at resistance. When dragging the tool, the slightest resistance constitutes refusal. The slot prior to refusal is the estimated panel thickness.
  4. Take multiple measurements to qualify your results, and record all findings

Key Features of the HPMG

  • Standard metal roofing panel thickness slots range:
    • Steel: 29 to 18 gauge
    • Aluminum: 0.18 to 0.80 inch.
  • Standard single-ply membrane thickness slots range:
    • 45 to 90 mil
  • A built-in magnet to assist in material identification (steel vs. aluminum)
  • A machined hole to attach the HPMG to a clip or lanyard.
  • Straight edge to visually demonstrate dent depth.
  • Durable metal construction to resist wear, bending, or corrosion.
  • Compact size to fit into small pockets and not obstruct images when taking photographs.
  • Unique shape to help measure in tight places (like panel ends extending into gutters).
  • The HPMG can be easily photographed when documenting your file.
  • Designed and manufactured in the United States.

Why Accuracy in Thickness Matters

The HPMG is the top-of-the-line tool when it comes to determining roofing panel and membrane thicknesses accurately in the field.  Without it, your thickness measurements could be inaccurate. This can

  • Add significant costs to your estimates
  • Increase bids unnecessarily
  • Lead to more expensive claim settlements.

Add a Haag Panel and Membrane Gauge to your gear and take your measurements with confidence, backed by Haag’s proven expertise in forensic consulting since 1924.

Source– 1. Delmet Stainless Steel, “Stainless steel and aluminum: how to distinguish between them?”, https://www.delmetelectropolishing.com/n/37-stainlesssteelandaluminumhowtodistinguishbetweenthem.html 

AMBER PROM, PE

Amber Prom, PE, is Director of Curriculum for Haag Education and a Forensic Engineer for Haag, a Salas O’Brien Company. Based near Denver, Ms. Prom is a Registered Professional Structural Engineer with 16 years’ experience in structural design, project management, forensic engineering, and engineering management/ training. Amber previously worked as Professional Development Manager, Project Engineer/ Technical Lead, and Principal Consultant for 8 years. She was responsible for training all new hires and providing continuing education/training for existing experts within the Civil/Structural and Building Consultant Divisions. She built this training program from the ground up for 100+ experts throughout the U.S. and Canada. As a Project Engineer/Principal Consultant, she conducted forensic engineering investigations related to building components which had failed, become damaged, did not operate/function as intended, or were constructed deficiently. She was also the Technical Lead for processes, including performing field investigations, documenting/photographing, equipment use, etc.

Ms. Prom’s previous experience also includes working as a Design Engineer, where she designed a multitude of industrial power plant elements electrical transformer containment areas and foundations, miscellaneous electrical buildings and foundations, 140-ft cantilevered stair tower, multi-level steel platforming, among many others. She was a Project Manager for commercial projects, including those in high seismic areas, hurricane-prone areas, and high snow-load regions.

STEVE SMITH, PE

Steven R. Smith is a Forensic Engineer and Director of Research & Testing for Haag, a Salas O’Brien Company. Mr. Smith is an experienced forensic engineer who began his career with Haag in 1998. He spent seven years working as Haag’s Senior Lab Technician while earning a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering degree from The University of Texas at Arlington. He has been involved with the lab throughout his career and has been able to leverage his extensive and practical engineering field experience with research and testing projects. Mr. Smith has authored or co-authored several Haag publications, including Repairing an Existing 36-Inch Laminated Asphalt Shingle Roof with Metric-Sized Laminated Asphalt Shingles, Effects of Hail-Caused Dents on the Thermal Performance of Insulation Under Single-Ply Roofing, Testing of Impact-Resistant Asphalt Shingles, and Hail Effects on Air-Conditioner Performance. He also contributed to other publications as a laboratory technician, including Hail Damage Threshold Sizes for Common Roofing Materials, Hail Damage to Tile Roofing, and Hail Impact Resistance of Asphalt Shingle Overlays.

Mr. Smith’s areas of expertise include roofing system evaluations, components and cladding, code and standard compliance, and mechanical equipment evaluations. He is a licensed Professional Engineer in Texas, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. He is a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and Pi Tau Sigma National Honor Society. Prior to joining Haag, he trained at the Navy Nuclear Power Training Command Center in Orlando, Florida and was stationed aboard the USS Arkansas (CGN-41), where he maintained reactor and steam plant chemistry, performed radiological controls, and operated mechanical equipment in the propulsion plant.

Brianna Salvitti Selected for the 2025 PICG Claims Academy

London insurance market
Brianna Salvitti PICG Academy Delegate

Haag is proud to announce that Brianna Salvitti has been selected as a delegate for the 2025 PICG Claims Academy. This prestigious program brings together 27 top professionals for an immersive two-week experience in the London Market, providing hands-on exposure to Lloyd’s, brokers, managing agents, and advanced claims education.

At Haag, we are committed to continuous learning and client-focused expertise, and Brianna’s selection reflects her dedication to upholding these values. Through this opportunity, she will gain invaluable insights, collaborate with industry leaders, and bring back enhanced expertise to better serve our clients.

Haag is also proud to be a sponsor of the 2025 PICG Conference, which will take place in London on May 7th. We look forward to supporting this important industry event and engaging with global claims professionals.

Please join us in congratulating Brianna on this well-earned achievement! We look forward to the knowledge and connections she will bring back from this experience.

Forensic Meteorology: The Science Behind Weather-Related Claims and Litigation

Forensic Meteorology: The Science Behind Weather-Related Claims and Litigation

For more than 100 years, Haag has been leading the way in forensic engineering innovation, but did you know that Haag has also been at the forefront of forensic meteorology for decades? The team of Haag Certified Consulting Meteorologists (CCM) is currently providing detailed scientific analysis, thorough reports, and effective courtroom communication in a climate of ever-increasing billion-dollar weather-related disasters. 

The highest number of billion-dollar (CPI-Adjusted) disaster events on record for the United States happened in 2023 and 2024. The five-year average cost of these disasters has more than doubled in a decade and grown nearly eightfold since 2000.  Severe Convective Storms (SCS) with impacts including damaging hail, straight-line winds, derechos, and tornadoes are playing a larger role in U.S. property insurance costs. For instance, a derecho that swept through Houston, Texas, in May 2024, caused more damage to buildings than Hurricane Beryl in July 2024, according to a recent study which highlighted the tunneling effect of sudden wind bursts during severe storms in urban areas. Now, more than ever, a detailed analysis is vital to understanding structural impacts from extreme weather events.

Click image to enlarge.

What is Forensic Meteorology?

Forensic meteorologists reconstruct the weather conditions for a particular time and place utilizing all available data. Haag meteorologists use several tools when analyzing past weather conditions. Among them are Doppler radar data, in-situ weather observations from dozens of reporting networks, storm reports originating from trained spotters, general public, media, emergency managers, plus National Weather Service forecasts, advisories, watches and warnings, and even photos and videos. 

Using this wealth of available data, our expertise and training we conduct an analysis which provides important information for resolving insurance claims, disputes, and court cases. For example, a site-specific weather evaluation can determine if the giant hail that occurred across town also happened at the property in question or whether the extensive hurricane damage to a home was initiated by storm surge or winds. In personal injury cases, we can create a detailed timeline of weather events, forecasts, and advisories. Maybe you have a case where it’s unclear if conditions were conducive to black ice forming, and if such conditions were foreseeable – we can piece it together.

Beyond Automated (AI) Reports: The Value of Expert Meteorologist

In 2025, AI is everywhere, including in automated weather verification reports that attempt to determine specific past weather conditions (usually hail size and/or wind gusts) for a location. While these reports can seem like an effective low-cost alternative to a detailed weather analysis, they’re often plagued by the “garbage in, garbage out” problem. The radar data and algorithms that these reports rely upon may not be sufficient to determine what weather occurred, and the conclusion can be far from reality. Furthermore, because the data in these reports cannot be verified, experts have been precluded from giving testimony which relies on the reports. 

A recent appellate court decision in Florida granted a new trial after an expert based his opinion on “Benchmark” data which came from an algorithm with no support or independent corroboration of the data’s reliability. After a Haag desk review, our Certified Consulting Meteorologist knows which data is most reliable for each assignment, and that expertise will ensure that our opinion is valid to a reasonable degree of meteorological certainty.

NEXRAD radar image
3D rendering of a storm.

The Growth of Forensic Meteorology

A recent report suggests that nearly half of the homes in the United States are vulnerable to severe weather or a climate risk.  As extreme weather and its impacts become more common, a well-researched and detailed weather analysis is an essential tool for helping to resolve weather-related insurance claims, disputes and court cases. The Haag Forensic Meteorology team works closely with insurance companies, homeowners, business owners, and lawyers to provide clarity when there is disagreement about past weather events. Our services can be retained independently or in coordination with our forensic engineering team, allowing for specialized, high-impact analysis of weather-related impacts on structures.

Haag reports have provided strong evidence in support of summary judgement or a favorable settlement, and our meteorologists have litigation experience in civil and criminal cases across the United States. The team has provided forensic weather analysis on cases including property damage for hail and wind claims, tropical systems, flash flooding and river flooding, wind vs. wave storm surge analysis, extreme cold (burst pipes), roof collapse, and personal injury or wrongful death cases resulting from snow/ice slip and fall, weather-related vehicular accidents including black ice, dust, and sun glare, maritime claims, drought, and hot car deaths.

Forensic Meteorology Applications

Large Claim: Hail and Water Damage

An insurer retained Haag meteorology in a large loss claim involving a dispute over possible hail damage to a commercial property. Our forensic weather consultant was able to determine that there was no hail on the date claimed and provided a comprehensive historical analysis, including a detailed report on a date when severe (1-2 inch) hail occurred a full year earlier than was claimed at the vacant property. At the suggestion of the Haag meteorologist, a further analysis was conducted to determine how many times the property had received rain that exacerbated the interior water damage from the opening caused by the 1-2 inch hail storm.

Vehicular Crash: Wind or Rain as the Cause

After a vehicle accident involving two semi-trucks, the driver of the truck which crossed into oncoming traffic claimed his vehicle was pushed across the road by a gust of wind from a nearby thunderstorm. After analyzing the meteorological conditions near the site of the accident, including official weather observations, severe weather reports, and radar data, the Haag meteorologist determined that the wind was likely only 30-40 mph at the time and location of the accident and that heavy rain (hydroplaning) likely played a larger role in the loss of control of the vehicle.

Haag's Forensic Meteorology Team

Haag’s roots in meteorology are deep. Storm-chasing pioneer Tim Marshall, P.E., Forensic Engineer/Meteorologist, started with Haag in 1983 and he surveyed most major hurricanes and tornadoes in the past 30-plus years. Tim has also written or contributed to more than 100 articles and technical papers, and given hundreds of lectures on storm damage at meteorological and engineering conferences. As Tim settles into well-earned emeritus status, a new generation of Haag meteorologists carries on the legacy of detailed analysis, thorough reports, and effective courtroom communication into the future.

The forensic weather consultants on the Haag Meteorology team have more than 60 years of combined professional experience. Every full-time meteorologist with Haag has been awarded the Certified Consulting Meteorologist distinction by the American Meteorological Society. This ensures that the members of the Haag Meteorology team have the knowledge, professional standards, and personal integrity needed for every assignment. 

Whether it’s a complex property damage claim, a slip and fall personal injury dispute or even a wrongful death case at sea, Haag meteorologists can assist with any weather-related issue.  

If you’ve never worked with a forensic weather consultant, but you have a case or claim with a dispute about the weather conditions– contact us here or give us a call (214-614-6500). We are happy to explain exactly what we can provide to potentially strengthen your case and see if we’re a fit for your project.  

Fred Campagna, CCM, CBM, Director of Forensic Meteorology

  • 13 years as a consulting and forensic meteorologist
  • 26 years on-air in broadcast television, including in Boston and Atlanta
  • One of a few meteorologists with both the AMS Certified Consulting Meteorologist (CCM) and Certified Broadcast Meteorologist (CBM) distinction
  • Experience in more than 300 forensic meteorology investigations
  • Testimony experience at trial (civil/criminal), deposition, and arbitration
Patrick Hyland CCM Forensic Meteorology Expert Witness

Pat Hyland, CCM, Senior Forensic Meteorologist

  • Former Severe Weather Research Meteorologist with the NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL)
  • One of approximately 230 active AMS Certified Consulting Meteorologists
  • Produced Haag’s first for-credit Continuing Education (CE) Course on Forensic Meteorology
  • First full-time meteorologist employed in the over 100-year history of Haag
  • Testimony experience at trial and deposition
Jared Leighton

Jared Leighton, CCM, Senior Forensic Meteorologist

  • 17 years with the National Weather Service in severe and winter weather operations
  • Five published, peer-reviewed articles, with emphasis on remote detection of large/giant hail
  • One of approximately 230 active AMS Certified Consulting Meteorologists
  • Experience in more than 100 forensic meteorology investigations including wind, hail, tornado, tropical systems, snow and ice, vehicle accidents
  • Testimony experience at trial, deposition and arbitration
Kyle Pittman

Kyle Pittman, Associate Forensic Meteorologist

  • PhD Candidate at Northern Illinois University
  • Degrees in atmospheric science from University of Nebraska (M.S.), Northern Illinois University (B.S.)
  • Instructor for undergraduate weather forecasting class at NIU
  • Experience on multiple field campaigns advancing our understanding of thunderstorm development, evolution, and hazards
  • Experience in more than 60 forensic meteorology investigations
Fred Campagna, Director of Forensic Meteorology

Fred Campagna is Director of Forensic Meteorology for Haag, a Salas O’Brien Company. He is a veteran on-air meteorologist with 26 years’ experience in Atlanta, Boston, and throughout the Northeast. Mr. Campagna has worked as a forensic and consulting meteorologist for 12 years. He is President and Chief Meteorologist at Right Weather LLC, where he provides private forecasts for weather-dependent businesses and municipalities.

Mr. Campagna’s certifications include American Meteorological Society’s Certified Consulting Meteorologist designation, September 2020, and American Meteorological Society’s Certified Broadcast Meteorologist designation in March 2006. He was awarded American Meteorological Society’s Television Seal of Approval, among numerous other honors and awards.

 

Any opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of Haag or Salas O’Brien.

Congratulations to Tim Marshall, Inducted into the Storm Chaser Hall of Fame

Tim Marshall Inducted into the National Storm Chaser Hall of Fame

On February 15, 2025, Tim Marshall was honored as one of the inaugural inductees into the National Storm Chaser Hall of Fame, recognizing his lasting contributions to storm chasing and meteorology.

A forensic engineer and meteorologist at Haag since 1983, Tim has made significant advancements in the field of damage assessment. He was a principal developer of the Enhanced Fujita (EF) Scale, which the National Weather Service has used since 2007 to rate tornado severity. Tim remains an active member of the EF Scale committee and continues to advance wind and storm damage assessment through his work on a joint ASCE/SEI/AMS standard for wind speed estimation in tornadoes and severe wind events.

Beyond his technical contributions, Tim is a passionate educator and speaker. Over the past three decades, he has delivered hundreds of lectures on storm damage at meteorological and engineering conferences. His expertise has also been featured on National Geographic, Discovery Channel, NPR, Univision/NBC, CBS, and many other media outlets.

Congratulations to Tim Marshall on this well-deserved recognition!

Tim Marshall at the National Storm Chaser Summit, inducted into the Hall of Fame.
Tim Marshall (2nd to the right), Forensic Engineer and Meteorologist, and was honored to be inducted into the Hall of Fame at the National Storm Chaser Convention in Kansas City. Pictured here, he is joined by other inductees including David Hoadley (left), considered to be the first modern day storm chaser.

Going the Extra Mile: Haag Forensic Architect Evaluates Remote Cabin

Going the extra mile: Haag forensic architect evaluates a remote cabin in coastal Maine

A client engaged Haag to assess the extent of damage to a cabin, reportedly caused by tree strikes and storm events over a two-month period during the previous winter. The reported damage also included pier destruction amounting to millions of dollars. Reported cabin damage included 

  • A punctured roof with interior moisture intrusion
  • Potential framing damage
  • Shifting of its stone foundation piers
  • Excessive floor deflection
  • Window and door operational issues
  • Missing roof shingles
  • Fractured or missing cedar shake exterior cladding.

The Journey: Accessing a Remote Island Property

The cabin was located on a small, remote island off the coast of Maine in the “Downeast” region. The cabin and a small, detached shed were the only structures on the island, which contained no plumbing or electrical service.

Inspection obstacles included water transportation logistics and timing issues, as we were asked to meet the cabin owner on the mainland before the inspection on a Saturday morning during Labor Day Weekend.  Water transportation options included kayaking, borrowing a boat from an acquaintance of the cabin owner, or hiring a lobster boat captain to take us to the island; however, returning to the mainland from the island could not be guaranteed by the captain. 

Area overview and the 2-mile alternate kayak course

 Therefore, we planned a primary kayak course from a public boat ramp approximately 1 mile southwest of the island, and an alternate southward kayak course from the nearest available Airbnb rental house to the island, stopping at a peninsula on the way to meet the cabin owner on his own kayak.  The 2-mile alternate course was selected on the morning of the inspection due to rough waters and tidal concerns along the primary kayak course.

After renting a kayak from a nearby kayak and canoe outfitter, we launched from the rental house mid-morning, met the cabin owner on the peninsula, and headed toward the island.  Timing was key, as we would not be able to launch or return during low tide.  High winds were also expected in the late afternoon, which would prohibit us from traversing the waterway between the island and mainland on the return trip.  Along the way, we kayaked alongside seals and experienced beautiful scenery, along with rough water conditions.

Water conditions along the 2-mile alternate kayak course.
North end of the island, prior to landing.
Aerial view of the island.

The Inspection: Documenting Structural Conditions

Upon landing on the island, we unloaded our equipment and began the inspection.  We were able to secure the inspection equipment to our kayak in a dry bag, including a tablet, zoom-lens camera, drone, levels, measuring devices, and moisture intrusion equipment.

We observed a large area of fallen uprooted trees in the center of the island and adjacent to the east side of the cabin, along with recently cut trees and tree stumps.

Multiple roofing repairs were noted, including at the reported tree impact location.  The roof framing was inspected and documented (as shown below).  We inspected the exterior walls for plumbness (vertically) and for bowed or bulged walls (horizontally), utilizing measuring tools, a 2-foot digital level, laser level, and line blocks with string.  Interior floor slopes were also measured with a 2-foot digital level and recorded.

Roof Framing Plan (Haag drone image with markups).
Uprooted trees and stumps.
Roof overview.

The inspection

We concluded our inspection with an examination of the stone foundation piers and crawlspace area (refer to the First Floor Framing Plan below).  We found evidence of previous foundation repairs, a foundation pier positioned outside of the building perimeter, attempted temporary shoring of beams and floor joists, and long-term stone foundation settlement.  However, we determined that no load-carrying framing members were affected by the tree strike which could have transferred the load to the floor framing or the foundation, causing the foundation to shift horizontally or otherwise move from its pre-storm location.

Stone foundation pier.
First Floor Framing Plan (Haag drone image with markups).
Stone foundation pier positioned outside of the building perimeter.

Conclusions: Evaluating the True Extent of Damage

Haag’s forensic architect concluded that a fallen uprooted tree struck the cabin during the reported storm events.  However, the tree strike did not cause any widespread structural damage, including differential structural movement, shifting of the foundation, or shifting of the building off the foundation.  Further, the tree strike did not cause any damage due to moisture intrusion through the punctured roof decking, nor did it cause floor slope variations, flooring deflection, or window and door functionality issues.  The items which were damaged due to the tree strike and storm events, including some of the roof decking, shingles, and cedar shakes were quantified and identified in our detailed forensic architecture report.

Forensic Architecture Expertise – Anywhere You Need It

Haag’s forensic architects and engineers provide thorough structural and building envelope evaluations, even in the most remote locations of the United States. Whether investigating storm damage, foundation shifts, or building envelope performance, our experts deliver unbiased, data-driven inspections to support insurance claims, litigation, and/or remediation.

Contact Haag’s Forensic Architecture Team or call 214-614-6500 to learn more.

DeSantis
Chris deSantis, RA, AIA, CXLT, forensic architect

With a Master of Architecture degree from Virginia Tech and a Bachelor of Arts degree from University of Kentucky, and over six years of diverse professional experience within architectural and engineering firms, and specific concentrations in forensic investigations, Chris DeSantis provides a wide array of forensic and consulting architectural services. Building on his communication skills as a Graduate Teaching Assistant for Steel, Timber, and Reinforced Concrete Structures courses, and his own personal experience working in the masonry construction trade, he breaks down complex architectural, engineering, and construction issues into simple, easy to understand concepts.

 

Any opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of Haag or Salas O’Brien.

Congratulations to Haag’s New Vice Presidents and Team Leaders

Congratulations to Haag's new Forensic Consulting VPs and Team Leaders

We are excited to announce the following promotions within Haag:

  • Jonathan Goode has been promoted to Senior Vice President of Forensic Consulting.
  • Anthony Bond has been promoted to Associate Vice President of Forensic Consulting.
  • Kevin Kianka has been promoted to Associate Vice President of Operations.

In addition to these advancements, several engineers and consultants have been elevated to Team Leader roles– Jason Boehm, Rob Danielson, Aaron Duba, Chris Hickman, Ben Irwin, Ronny Lindsay, Alex Sadovskiy, Brandon Alaniz, Jason Plasters and Brian Segedin.

This updated leadership structure underscores our commitment to managing Haag’s dynamic growth and expansion while maintaining our standards for industry-leading expertise and excellence in our service delivery.  

Our VPs and Team Leaders are focused on:

  • Enhancing training, mentorship, and career development
  • Strengthening client relationships
  • Delivery industry-leading service

Meet Haag's Forensic Consulting Leaders

Jonathan Goode, PhD, PE, Senior VP of Forensic Consulting, Dallas, TX
Anthony Bond, PE, Associate VP of Forensic Consulting, St. Louis, MO
Kevin Kianka, PE, Associate VP of Operations, Houston, TX
Jason Boehm, PE, Forensic Engineering Team Leader, Denver, Colorado
Robert Danielson, PE, Forensic Engineering Team Leader, Des Moines, Iowa
Aaron Duba, PE, Forensic Engineering Team Leader, Tampa, Florida
Chris Hickman, PE, Forensic Engineering Team Leader, Oklahoma City, OK
Benjamin T. Irwin, P.E., P.Eng., DFE, CXLT
Benjamin Irwin, PE, DFE, CXLT, Forensic Engineering Team Leader, Philadelphia, PA
Ronny Lindsay, PE, STS-1, Forensic Engineering Team Leader, Dallas, TX
Alex Sadovskiy, PE, Forensic Engineering Team Leader, Detriot, MI
Brandon Alaniz
Brandon Alaniz, CPAU, WRT, VP of Litigation & Appraisals, Team Leader, Dallas, TX
Jason Plasters, LGC, CPAU, Building Consulting Team Leader, Denver, CO
Brian Segedin, CPAU
Brian Segedin, CPAU, Building Consulting Team Leader, Pequannock, NJ

Haag Testing Helps Tile Manufacturer Customers Obtain Lower Insurance Premiums

Haag Testing Helps Tile Manufacturer Customers Obtain Lower Insurance Premiums

For over six decades, Haag has been at the forefront of forensic testing and research, including simulated hail impact testing, providing critical insights for product manufacturers, insurance professionals, roof consultants, and engineers. Our specialized testing services provide scientific context for a wide range of engineering challenges – from evaluating how roofing materials perform under severe weather conditions to helping manufacturers achieve certifications that unlock insurance premium discounts for their customers. 

Decades of Expertise in Forensic Testing and Hail Research

Haag has been conducting hail damage research on roofing products since 1963, and our studies have since become industry benchmarks. Our studies have provided valuable information regarding the performance of various roofing products when struck by hailstones.  Decades of field inspection data have been corroborated by laboratory ice ball impact testing, which helped develop industry accepted hail damage threshold sizes for many different roofing materials. Each year, our laboratory performs forensic testing on hundreds of roofing samples to assist Haag engineers, roof consultants, insurance professionals, roofing contractors, and public adjusters with hail damage determinations. Beyond hail research, we have used our wind simulator to test the effects of wind speeds on certain roofing products, providing insights into product performance. 

Innovative Testing Methods

Haag’s forensic testing expertise extends beyond roofing materials. We have performed a variety of tests over the years including:

  • Solar Panels, Skylights and Siding: Tested for hail impact resistance.
  • Insulation: Analyzed thermal properties (R-value).
  • Custom Products: Performance testing on kitchen cabinets and even the insulative properties of dog beds! 

Our laboratory designs custom testing protocols tailored to each product’s unique needs, ensuring clients receive the most accurate and actionable data.

Meeting Industry Standards for Impact Resistance Certification

One of Haag’s most impactful contributions to manufacturers is our ability to certify products for impact resistance. We test roofing materials to ANSI/FM 4473 – Test Standard for Impact Resistance Testing of Rigid Roofing Materials by Impacting with Freezer Ice Balls. This standard rates materials from Class 1 to Class 4, with Class 4 being the most impact resistant.

In 2021, Haag was asked to help Bartile (a manufacturer of concrete roofing tiles) obtain impact resistance certifications on several of their tile profiles so that purchasers of their roof tiles could obtain discounts on insurance premiums, which are offered by many insurance companies.  The results? All four of their tested products achieved Class 3 or better impact ratings. In 2024, we retested the original four products and two additional tile profiles, expanding their list of certified impact-resistant roofing products.

concrete roofing tiles certified by Haag's Quality Control Program for Class 3 or better impact ratings.
Bartile concrete roofing tiles certified by Haag's Quality Control Program for Class 3 or better impact ratings.
Haag QCP-certified concrete tiles.
Haag QCP-certified concrete tiles.

Comprehensive Testing Services for Product Manufacturers

Haag’s laboratory tests products for roofing manufacturers and others in accordance with published testing standards, including ice ball and steel ball impact test standards and wind testing standards, among others. Manufacturers can achieve an impact class rating and have their products entered into the HRT Quality Control Program (HRT-QCP). Haag is accredited to perform testing that complies with standards from: 

  • ASTM International
  • Factory Mutual (FM)
  • Underwriters Laboratories (UL)
  • Others

Haag also designs and implements custom testing procedures, ensuring manufacturers can achieve their specific goals, whether it’s product development, certification, or performance optimization.  

Haag's ice ball launcher
Haag's ice ball launcher testing Bartile concrete tiles.

Partner with Haag for Product Testing, Certification, or your Forensic Testing needs

Whether you are a roofing manufacturer aiming to achieve impact resistance certification or a product developer in need of custom testing, Haag has the resources and expertise to support your goal. To explore testing options or learn more about the QCP, please contact us or call 214-614-6500.

STEVE SMITH, P.E., DIRECTOR OF RESEARCH & TESTING, PRINCIPAL ENGINEER
 

Steven R. Smith is a Forensic Engineer and Director of Research & Testing with Haag, a Salas O’Brien Company. Mr. Smith is an experienced forensic engineer who began his career with Haag more than 24 years ago. He spent seven years working as a Senior Lab Technician while earning a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering degree from The University of Texas at Arlington. He has been involved with the lab throughout his career, and has been able to leverage his extensive and practical engineering field experience with research and testing projects.

Mr. Smith’s areas of expertise include accident reconstruction, mechanical equipment evaluations, code and standards compliance, roofing system evaluations, and fires and explosions. He is a licensed Professional Engineer in Arkansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Oklahoma, Texas, and Wisconsin. He is a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), and Pi Tau Sigma National Honor Society. Prior to joining Haag, Mr. Smith was a Petty Officer Second Class in the United States Navy. He trained at the Navy Nuclear Power Training Command Center in Orlando Florida and was stationed on the USS Arkansas (CGN-41), where he maintained reactor and steam plant chemistry, performed radiological controls, and operated mechanical equipment in the propulsion plant.

 

 

Any opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of Haag or Salas O’Brien.

Haag Certified Master Level: Raising the Bar in Damage Assessment – Nov. 2024

Haag Certified Damage Inspector Master Level Logo

Haag certified master level: raising the bar in damage assessment

Haag, a Salas O’Brien Company, is thrilled to announce exclusively to our monthly blog subscribers, Haag’s most advanced certification yet — the Haag Certified Inspector – Master Level certification!  This prestigious designation is designed for those seeking the highest standard in damage assessment expertise, like an academic MBA, within the insurance and roofing restoration fields.  Achieving the HCI Master-level signals an elite understanding and mastery of Haag’s industry-leading certifications (HCI-R, HCI-C, HCI-W) damage assessment practices, all founded on Haag’s 100-years of scientific hands-on field and laboratory experience.

Haag introduced the Haag Certified Inspector – Residential (HCR-R) program more than 17 years ago.  Haag’s pioneering certification program has been widely respected across the insurance and restoration industries, setting a new standard for knowledge, accuracy, and expertise in damage assessment. Haag Certified inspectors, including adjusters, estimators, and consultants, are recognized for their skills and commitment to excellence.

Haag Certified Damage Inspector Master Level Logo
Haag Certified Inspector Logos for Residential Roofs, Commercial Roofs and Wind Damage
In 2024 Haag debuted the HCI-Master Level certification and introduced an updated look to the branding of all Haag Certified Inspector logos. If you’re Haag Certified, be sure to log-in to your profile to verify your active status.

After a successful rollout of the HCI-Residential Roof program, Haag introduced our second industry damage assessment certification– the HCI-Commercial Roof program in 2009. This certification was custom-designed for field adjusters, damage estimators, and damage consultants seeking advanced expertise in assessing damage to flat/low-slope roofing systems, backed by Haag Engineering’s unparalleled expertise on roofing damage..  Within just a few years, over 5,000 damage professionals had attended an HCI class, and passed the Haag Certification exam(s), making them the first “Haag Certified” damage assessors in the industry.

In 2014, Haag expanded its certification offerings with the Haag Certified Inspector – Wind Damage program – expanding focus beyond roofing alone .  Those who have earned the HCI-W certification stand out amongst their peers with advanced knowledge about how the peril of wind affects an entire structure from foundation to exterior cladding, windows & doors, roofing structures, and roof covering.

Once a damage assessment professional has successfully completed each of the HCI programs individually, they will qualify for the HCI-Master Level certification exam.  No additional coursework is required. However, all individual certifications must be active (not-expired), to qualify for the HCI-Master Level exam.  The HCI-Master level exam will test and affirm an inspector’s knowledge of the damage assessment principles found in each certification. An inspector must score 80% or higher to earn the HCI-Master level certification. See the details here.

Previously, each of the HCI certifications had to be renewed and updated independently.  Once the HCI-Master Level is earned, HCIs will only need to renew this ONE certification annually! 

To date, inspectors have earned more than 30,000 certifications from Haag. Be one of the first to earn your HCI-Master Level certification, and you could be featured in a future Haag, a Salas O’Brien Company publication!

HCI-Master Level certification. The new benchmark in mastering damage assessment for field inspectors.  Get Haag Certified, today! haageducation.com

Ryan Holdhusen
Ryan Holdhusen, Vice President of Education
 

Ryan Holdhusen began his career at Haag in 2002 as Seminar Manager. He also served as Director of Education and currently serves as Vice President of Education. Ryan has overseen the development and promotion of Haag’s Certified Inspector and Certified Reviewer programs, Haag’s collection of Damage Field guides, Haag’s shingle and metal roof gauges, and the continued development of the Haag On-Demand Learning platform accessed by thousands of damage professionals every year.  Ryan has assisted in the leadership of multiple re-branding efforts and Haag’s company-wide 100@100 customer service initiative.  Ryan also oversees the sales and marketing of Haag’s educational products and licensing, along with the day-to-day operations of the Education division. Haag joined Salas O’Brien in 2024.

 

 

Any opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of Haag Technical Services, Haag Engineering Co., Haag Education, or parent company, Haag Global, Inc.

Expert Spotlight: Fred Campagna, CCM, CBM

Haag 100 Year Anniversary - A century of forensic innovation

Fred Campagna: Forensic Meteorologist with Expert Insights into Severe Weather Events

Fred Campagna, CCM, CBM brings a wealth of experience as director of forensic meteorology, building on his 26-year career as an on-air meteorologist across major U.S. cities. Transitioning from broadcast to forensic meteorology over a decade ago, Fred has developed a unique expertise in reconstructing critical weather conditions for complex legal and insurance cases. He finds profound purpose in forensic work, leveraging his knowledge to determine accurate weather conditions during events like severe storms, slip-and-falls, and even trans-oceanic shipping incidents, where data scarcity often complicates analysis. His meticulous approach has been invaluable in high-stakes cases, such as estimating precipitation totals for ocean-bound cargo ships by reanalyzing satellite data and ship coordinates—a technical feat unmatched by simplified estimations.

Fred Campagna Forensic Meteorology Director

Fred’s commitment to excellence is reflected in his dual certifications from the American Meteorological Society (AMS), as both a Certified Broadcast Meteorologist (CBM) and a Certified Consulting Meteorologist (CCM) —distinctions held by fewer than 25 active meteorologists nationwide. These credentials not only affirm his technical and analytical skills but also highlight his exceptional communication abilities, honed through years of sharing complex weather data with television audiences and, later, juries. His testimony work since 2015 illustrates his seamless ability to translate technical weather analysis into courtroom evidence, enhancing client confidence in his conclusions.

Continuous learning defines Fred’s career. As a long-standing member of the AMS, he stays current with the latest advances in meteorological research and technology. This commitment, paired with hands-on experience in weather pattern analysis, strengthens his ability to adapt and grow within the evolving field of forensic meteorology. With advancements in weather data density and technology on the horizon, Fred is particularly excited about how these tools will enhance the accuracy and depth of future weather reconstructions. He envisions forensic meteorology as crucial for managing risk in rapidly developing areas, with his team providing precise reconstructions for claims and risk assessment amid climate challenges.

When not engaged in his work, Fred finds balance through family time and competitive running. As a former soccer player, he has transformed his athletic drive into running, striving to be among the fastest in his race category.